Balanced valve



(No Model.)

J. LEWIS.

BALANCED VALVE.

No. 365,135. Patented June 21,1887.

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JOSEPH LEWIS, OF SOUTH EVANSTON, ILLINOIS.

BALANCED VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,135, dated June 21, 1887.

Application filed August 9, ISSG.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrn LEwIs, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing in South Evanstomin the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvelnent in Balanced Valves, of which the following is a specification.

In valves used in all kinds of engines where water or other non-elastic fluid is used absolute accuracy of construction is necessary to insure steady working at high speed without pounding. This requisite accuracy includes correspondence between the various ports, both in the matter of size and relative positioning, so that they may open and close at precisely the right time, and not an instant too early or an instant too late. My present improvements relate to a new method of construction, whereby this accuracy is easily secured and repairs are greatly facilitated, as will be explained. The improvements are also applicable to and useful in Valves for air or gas engines, although absolute accuracy of construction is not so important where elastic iiuids are employed.

The valves to which my improvements relate may have either a continuous rot-ary or an oscillating movement, and the nature of the improvements will be fully understood from the annexed drawings and the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure l is a central longitudinal section of a valve and its chamber embodying my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are sections on the lines 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an exterior view of the cast shell forming the body of the valve. Fig. 5 is an exterior View of the iinished valve. Fig. 6 is a detached view of one of the rings previous to its application to the valve.

In said drawings, A represents the shell or body of the rotary or oscillatory valve, and B the valve-chamber. The latter has an orifice, F, where the operating iiuid first enters, and an annular chamber, E, receiving the fluid from said orifice. It is also provided with ports l, 2, 3, and 4, two at each end, and each pair at opposite sides of the chamber, these Serial No. 5210,8r`d. (No model.)

ports leading to cylinders (not shown) having pistons operated by the fluid. The valve is provided with two heads, A A, each having two iattened sides, m, the flattened sides on one head standing at right angles to those of the other head. The untlattened sides are east with transverse openings n, extending from side to side of the valve and intersecting the central longitudinal passage, K. Upon either head of the valve is a ring, a, of brass or other metal, shrunk or forced or otherwise secured thereon. In each of these rings are four port-openings the exact size required, two of which, diametrically opposite each other, are placed over the openings a, and the other two, also diametrically opposite to each other, arelocated over the flattened sides ofthe val vehead. By making the passages fn somewhat larger than the ports in the rings a slight range ot' adjustment is allowed in positioning the rings. By thus forming the ports in the rings I am enabled to make them exactly of a size, and to locate them accurately both at right an glcs as respects the two pairs of ports and at opposite sides as respects the individual ports composing each. pair. -I am also enabled to place them on the valve-shell so the ports of one ring will be in true alignment with those of the other ring. All these features are essential to the perfect working of the device. The rings act in conjunction with the flattened sides of the valve-heads to form longitudinal passages o, giving egress to the water Yfrom annular chamber E to the ringports adjoining the flattened sides. rlhe rings also act to correct all inaccuracies in the valveshell and obviate much of the care and nicety which would otherwise be necessary in casting and preparing it. The passages oare 'formed without extra labor, instead of being cut or cast in the shell. Of course the ports are formed in the rings previously to putting them on the valve. The valve is slightly conical in form and the chamber B is correspondingly shaped. The latter is also itted interiorly with rings b, having each two previously-prepared openings, which are placed over the chamber-ports l, 2, 3, and 4, so as to form the mouths thereof and so as to regulate the capacity and position of such months, said ports being east larger than requisite, as plainly in- I OO dicated by the drawings. These rings b should of course be equally as accurate in construction as the valve-rings, and should be placed in the chamber with the mouths or ports in position with the same precision. The rings a and b are thus made to form the bearing-surfaces of the valve and chamber, respectively, and they are the only portions thereof Subj ect to wear. They can be readily removed and replaced by new ones whenever requisite, andthe valve and chamber be thus made to last a lifetime by avery moderate expenditure. Asthey may be completely fashioned previous to application and of uniform sizes, they may be made of superior metal Without large cost. They cure all inaccuracies in the castings, as well as such as are caused by boring the chamber and turning the valve, and they regulate and equalize the capacity of all the water. passages. It will be noticed that a line passing through one side of the openings in rings b intersects the axis of the valve, and that said openings are set off from this line oneeighth of the inside circumference of the rings; and it will be obvious from this disposition of the ports and construction that when the ports on one side of the chamber are closed those rections of the watenflow will be as indicated by the arrows in Fig. l; but of course there will be no How either way upon one side as soon as the ports about closing become entirely closed. I sometimes make the valves perfectly cylindrical, but prefer the slightly-conical form. The central discharge, K, is made to extend entirely through the valve, and is open at both ends, thereby equalizing the pressure upon the ends of the valve.

1. The rotary o r oscillating valve consist` ing of the cast shell having the water-passages and iattened sides and the port-forming rings, in combination with the casing having the lining-rings with ports located as specified, substantially as set forth.

2. The'rotary or oscillating valve consist ing of the plug having water ports and passages, as set forth, in combination with the casing B, having ports l, 2', 3, and 4, and stationary bushing-rings b, provided with. openings corrcsponding to said casing-ports and forming the mouths thereof, said openings being positioned as shown, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in a rotary or oscillatory valve, of a cast-metal shell having the waterpass'ages n and flattened sides m, with separate rings having port-openings and secured on the shell with said openings located Witnesses:

EDW. S. EVARTs, H. M. MUNDAY. 

